Salvation of a severely resorbed mandibular ridge with a neutral zone technique.

The objective of any prosthodontic service is to restore the patient to normal function, contour, esthetics, speech, and health. An optimum denture stability is difficult to achieve in conventional complete dentures. This problem is more magnified in mandibular dentures. The design of prostheses to replace lost teeth and resorbed ridges is largely determined by the position and amount of morphological change in the denture-bearing area of the jaws. A neutral zone may be defined as the space where, during function, the forces of the lips and cheeks pressing inward neutralize the forces of the tongue pressing outward. The neutral zone concept implies acquired muscle control, especially by tongue, lips, and cheeks toward the denture stability. Advocates of the neutral zone concept agree that a lack of favorable leverage is observed when teeth are positioned directly over the ridge. By employing the neutral zone concept, the dislodging muscle energy can easily become a retentive and stabilizing force.

Comparison of manual and physiologically molded denture bases in complete denture wearers.

Background and Objectives: In complete denture wearers, the accumulation of food in the buccal vestibule is one of the factors causing discomfort to the patient. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mandibular denture buccal flange on food retention and to correlate between varying angulations of buccal flange of mandibular denture on food retention. Materials and Methods: Complete dentures were fabricated and the mandibular complete denture was duplicated. The existing (unduplicated) manually molded and physiologically molded dentures were tested for food retention. Twenty test particles having a diameter of 2±0.2 mm were placed on the middle part of the buccal flange and the subjects were instructed to expel the test particles by performing only functional movements of the buccal musculature. The numbers of residual test particles in the buccal vestibule were counted after 30s. The angulations of the denture buccal flange (duplicated) were measured with an optical bevel protractor and trimmed to 50° and the food retention test was performed. Similar tests were performed at 60°, 70° and 80° angulations. The data were evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient, One-way ANOVA test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: The difference between the residual scores of manually molded and physiologically molded denture base was not significant. The difference between the residual scores at different angulations of the buccal flange of the denture was significant. Conclusion: Only the slope of the flange significantly affects the ability of subjects to expel the test particles.

Sistema estomatognático e postura corporal na criança com alterações sensório-motoras / Stomatognathic system and body posture in children with sensoriomotor deficits

TEMA: a literatura aponta a postura corporal como um aspecto importante no tratamento de crianças com alterações sensório-motoras. No caso do paralítico cerebral, os reflexos apresentam-se mais intensos do que as reações de retificação e de equilíbrio, inibindo-as, provocando assim um atraso ou impedimento do controle cervical, de tronco e de quadril, que se reflete no Sistema Estomatognático; OBJETIVO: verificar a relação entre a postura corporal e a adequação do Sistema Estomatognático nessa população, quanto à postura e funcionalidade e sua efetividade no processo terapêutico fonoaudiológico; MÉTODO: foram realizadas avaliação inicial, intervenção fonoaudiológica e reavaliação em dezessete crianças com alterações sensório-motoras, com idades entre um ano e seis anos e três meses. A intervenção terapêutica foi realizada durante dez meses, com sessões semanais individuais, sempre com a presença do cuidador. Todas as sessões foram transcritas em protocolo específico e a avaliação e a reavaliação foram gravadas em videoteipe; RESULTADOS: observamos melhora estatisticamente significante dos aspectos do sistema estomatognático em 100 por cento das crianças, tanto nas estruturas isoladamente, quanto em conjunto. O mesmo foi observado com relação às funções; CONCLUSAO: a adequação da postura corporal das crianças estudadas favoreceu de forma significativa o desenvolvimento e adequação do sistema estomatognático quanto à postura e a funcionalidade.

Rat cheek gland compounds: behavioural response to identified compounds.

Cheek gland secretions from sexually mature and reproductively active male and female laboratory rats (Wister strain), Rattus norvegicus albinus were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Alkanes, aliphatic acids esters and alcohols were identified in the secretions. Cheek gland preparation from males contained predominantly three compounds, viz. di-n-octyl phthalate (I); 1,2-benzene diacarboxylic acid butyl (2-ethyl hexyl) ester (II); and 1,2 benzene dicarboxylic acid (2-methylpropyl) ester (III) whereas in the cheek gland of females two compounds, viz, 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid (2-methylpropyl) ester (I); and 2,6,10 dedecatrien-1-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-(Z, E) (II) were the major fractions. The identified compounds were tested for odour preferences. Compounds II and III of males and I and II of females attracted both male and female conspecifics. By contrast, compound I from males only attracted females. The level of attraction also varied from compound to compound. The results suggest that cheek gland secretions have pheromonal functions.